劍10test3雅思聽力Section4原文解析

劍10test3雅思聽力Section4原文解析

●談話場景：專題講座場景

●人物關系：教授

●談話話題：“自動調(diào)焦理論”與領導力

交際與語言衰達

1.本段是關于“自動調(diào)焦理論”與領導力的講座。Self-regulatory focus theory is a theory developed by Tori Higgins.(“自動調(diào)焦理論”是由托麗·希金斯提出的)。

2.He says that a person's focus at any given time is to either approach pleasure or avoid pain.(他說，在任何特定的時間，一個人的焦點不是為了爭取快樂就是為了避免痛苦。)其中“either…or”意為“或者……或者……;不是……就是……”，表示兩者之一，連接句子中兩個并列的成分。

3.Prevention goals are oriented towards the avoidance of punishment.(預防性目標以避免懲罰為方向。)其中“be oriented towards”意為“以……為方向，重視”。

4.特定的場合，思想的重心可能是提升性目標也可能是預防性目標，原文為“In a specific situation, our thoughts might focus more on promotion goals or more on preventions goals.”其中“focus on”意為“集中于”。

5.In contrast, if we are working on an important project for our boss, we are more likely to try to avoid making mistakes and therefore have more prevention goals in our mind。(相比之下，如果我們在為老板做一個很重要的項目，我們更傾向于避免產(chǎn)生錯誤，腦海中就有更多預防性的目標。)其中“avoid doing sth.”意為“避免做某事”。

6.Now that I have talked about the two focuses and how they affect people…(既然講了兩個焦點以及它們是如何對人們產(chǎn)生影響的……)，其中“now that=since”意為“既然，由于”，在句子中做連詞。

7.All of these things can encourage followers to think about what could be.(所有的這些都鼓勵追隨者思索事情會是怎么樣的。)其中“encourage sb. to do sth.”意為“鼓勵某人做某事”。

8.This emphasis will dearly lead followers to focus on avoiding punishment and problems.(這種強調(diào)會明顯地引導追隨者關注迸免懲罰和問題。)其中“l(fā)ead sb. to do sth.”意為“引導、帶領某人做某事?！?/p>

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